At present, the research on the preparation of zirconia-based ceramics mainly focuses on three directions: ①ZrO2-AlO3(ZTA) toughened ceramic system, that is, dispersing zirconia particles into other parent ceramic phases (such as alumina) system; ②Y2O3-ZrO2(Y- TZP) system, that is, dispersing the second phase (such as yttrium oxide) into the zirconia parent phase system; ③Mg-ZrO2 (Mg-PSZ) system, that is, a partially stabilized zirconia polycrystalline ceramic system with Mg as a stabilizer. These studies laid the foundation for the clinical application of zirconia-based all-ceramic crown restorations.
One of the key factors in the preparation of high-performance zirconia-based ceramics is the combination of ceramic preparation and crystal growth control technology (such as nanotechnology) in the preparation process.
The development of zirconia ceramics includes powder synthesis, blank molding, ceramic sintering and other links.
Among them, there are three main types of powder synthesis methods: gas phase method, solid phase method and liquid phase method. Considering the cost of powder preparation and the difficulty of experimental operation, the liquid phase method is currently the most widely and practical method for preparing zirconia ceramic precursor powder. Liquid phase methods include precipitation method, sol-gel method, hydrothermal method, microemulsion method, etc. Among them, precipitation method and microemulsion method require precise control of reaction conditions, which increases the difficulty of experiments. Sol-gel method and hydrothermal method are the most At present, the most commonly used method for preparing zirconia powder.
